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The Research Paper in Nine "Easy" Steps
by E. Rosati
Step 1. Choosing the Subject
A. General Research:
1. Reference Books
2. Card Catalog: Dewey Decimel or Library of Congress
3. Periodical Index
4. Reference Librarian
B. Selective Research-Narrowing the Subject
1. Table of Contents
2. Index
3. Card Catalog Subject Headings
4. Periodical Index Headings
Step 2. Searching for
Information
A. Primary
Sources
B. Secondary Sources
Step 3. Recording
Information-Taking Notes: Bibliographical info
A. Summary-Much information capsulized: least
specific
B. Paraphrase-Your words for the
author’s; more specific
C. Indirect Quote-your
interpretation of the author's words; very specific
D. Direct Quote-The author’s words exactly; the most
specific
Step 4. Organizing Ideas-The
Outline
A. Exposition
B. Comparison/Contrast
C.
Cause/Effect
D. Chronological Order
E. Levels
1. Known to Unknown
2. General to Specific
3. Problem to Solution
Step 5. Writing the First
Draft
A. Format: Intro.; Body;
Conclusion
B. Parenthetical Notations-Check
Information
C. Mechanics
1. Use Third Person
2. Use Proper English
3. Be Specific, show don't tell
4. Check Spelling
5. Check Words; Sentences;
Paragraphs
Step 6. Documenting the Paper-Parenthetical Notes -MLA
Step 7. Preparing the Works Cited
Step 8. Proofreading the
Paper
A. Read
Once Yourself
B. Have Another - Read It
Aloud
C. Read It Again Later
Step 9. Writing the Final
Draft
A. Typed Double Spaced
B. Cover Page
C. Works
Cited
D. On Time
adapted from The Research Paper by Roth
