|
|
|
|
Study
Guide for the 2nd Ethics Quiz The quiz will consist of a number of
short answer questions. This means
that it is very important for you to practice explaining the theories which we
have covered in your own words. For
each of the philosophers we have covered, you should be able to give an account
of their basic ideas and arguments.
Secondly, you should be able to apply these ideas to concrete situations.
Thirdly, you should also know some major criticisms that can be offered
of each philosopher. Lastly, you
should be able to recognize and explain quotations.
If you have had any difficulties with the main texts, Palmer's Does
the Center Hold? will be of great help.
What follows is a list of major ideas that may help with your review.
a.
The only intrinsic good is the good will. This is the disposition to act
out of duty in accord with rational morality. b.
Moral rules are universal rules. c.
The supreme principle of morality, which can be discovered by reason
alone, is the categorical imperative. There
are two formulations of the categorical imperative.
(Know and be able to apply both.) d.
Social contract theory is used to advocate a league of nations and a
concept of global citizenship. a.
The only intrinsic good is happiness. b.
Morality is defined by the utilitarian maxim.
(Know and be able to apply the utilitarianism
maxim.) c.
The quality of happiness, not just its quantity, must be emphasized. d.
On
Liberty
offers a defense of liberty and minority rights.
(Be able to state Mill ‘s maim thesis). e.
Paternalism, however well meaning, is rejected. f.
Democracy with universal suffrage (including women) is
advocated, but even a democracy should not be able to abrogate the rights of its
citizens. g.
Mill anticipates and argues against several arguments traditionally given
to justify the oppression of women. Know
these. 4. There will be extra credit questions on current events. Read the NYT or watch the BBC 10:00 News on TV.
Author:
Hollace Graff, |