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Study
Guide for the 2th Quiz 1.
There will be at least one review question covering material from the
first part of the class. There may
also be questions that ask you to compare the viewpoints of the new philosophers
we have studied with the views of the philosophers we studied in the first part
of the semester. 2.
Understand the philosophical basis of Marxism (two sets of premises:
human beings as self-creating beings and human beings as ensembles of social
relationships, theory of alienation as a description of the situation of workers
under capitalism, six aspects of alienation, why Marx condemns capitalism,
degradation and manipulation of human needs and powers, the values presupposed
by Marx’s analysis). You should also be able to offer criticisms of this
perspective. 3.
Understand the philosophical basis of the work of Frantz Fanon (his
relationship to Marxism, his conception of oppression, the psychological
destruction of the “native, ” the
analysis of violence, his advocacy of revolution, and his critique of the
Western values that we have studied.) You
should also be able to offer criticisms of this perspective. 4.
Know the definitions of negative
rights, positive rights, distributive justice, and collective rights. 5.
Understand the libertarian conservative theory of Hospers and Nozick
(liberty with an emphasis on property rights, no taxation to support social
welfare or positive rights, a distribution is just if everyone is historically
entitled to the portion he or she has and there has been no violation of
negative rights , no evaluation of the justice of the end-state). You should
also be able to offer criticisms of this perspective. 6.
Understand the liberal theory of John Rawls (Kantian liberalism, social
contract chosen by a rational person behind a veil of ignorance, two principles
of justice are liberty and fairness, inequalities in distribution are just as
long as it works out to the advantage of all and everyone has an equal
opportunity to compete). You should also be able to offer criticisms of this
perspective. 7.
Chapter 9 of Does the Center Hold? may be of great help to you. Also, if you go to the web page for the class, you will find
a summary I have written describing Marx’s theory of alienation. 8.
There will be extra credit questions relating to current
events worth two points and an extra credit question relating to the
philosophers from the beginning of the semester worth 1 point. Author: Holly Graff, |