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Study Guide for the Third Quiz (PHL 230 0H1)

 

The quiz will be given at the beginning of class on October 20th , at 11:00. You will have between 15-20 minutes to complete the quiz. In general, all quizzes will be composed of a series of short answer questions from which you must choose 5 to answer.

 

This quiz will cover Aristotle and in part his relation to Plato. This is what, generally speaking, you should know by now. Remember, you should not only know the basic ideas here, but have some concise grasp of Aristotle’s arguments in defense of these positions.

 

  1. The basic orientation of Aristotle’s philosophical project –how it is similar and how it is different from Plato’s project.

 

  1. The nature of “substance” and how this concept of substance makes use of and alters the Platonic conception of “Form.”

 

  1. Aristotle’s general methodology: how he approaches philosophical problems, and how he defines and attempts to work through them.

 

  1. The distinction between a physical and artificial “thing” –in what this difference exists and why it is an important distinction.

 

  1. The nature of “cause” –that is, what Aristotle means in general by this concept.

 

  1. What the “four causes” are and what questions about things they are supposed to answer.

 

  1. How Aristotle defines chance and spontaneity, and why this discussion is important for Aristotle’s over-all project discuss “chance and spontaneity”. (Also, how this contrasts in part with our reading of Plato.)

 

  1. Teleology. What it is, and the degree to which Aristotle conceives of the world (nature) as ordered teleologically –again, consider here the relation to Plato.

 

  1. What the soul is and the manner in which this conception of the soul affects how we think about what it means to be “human” –again, consider a contrast with Plato here.

 

  1. What the different types of soul are –and whether or not the soul is immortal (consider: is there survival after death for the individual, and why or why not for Aristotle?).

 

  1. How Aristotle’s conception of the soul contrasts with that of Plato, and how it indicates a general direction for his ethical position.